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MPEG-1 Audio Layer 3 or MP3 for short has become a common audio format that is deployed to transfer and playback music on digital audio player. It was designed by the Moving Picture Experts Group which included amongst others, Fraunhofer of Germany, Thomson-Brandt, AT&T-Bell Labs of USA, and CCETT. It obtained an ISO/IEC standard in 1991.

MP3 compressed the original audio without any loss of its original quality. The reduction in data was convenient for recording and storage. A CD file could be compressed with MP3 to one-tenth of its original size. This could be achieved with 128 kbits/s which is a mid-range bit rate setting. Auditory masking is done that gives this compression. It was in 1994 that the first MP3 software encoder was introduced. The file extension name originally was .bit. This was altered to .mp3 in 1995. In the same year, Winplay3 was launched. This was the first real time software encoder to be introduced in the market. Very soon, audio files conversion to MP3 files began. These could be played back in the personal computers. MP3 became a rave hit and the Internet hastened its fame. MP3 soon became much used assisted by Winamp that was released in 1997 and the Unix audio player mpg123 in 1998. MP3 began to be offered free in the later part of 1997 when mp3.com itself offered it free. Compact discs were now ripped and peer to peer transfer of music files became rampant. The launch of Napster in 1999 further fueled large scale peer to peer file transfers. Copyright violations proliferated with allegations flying around. No doubt there was a spate of litigations in the court.

There are three categories of MP3 players. These are the hard drives, micro hard drives and flash based MP3 players. The hard drive based MP3 players are heavier and larger. Their capacity is large with ten gigabytes or more and comprises some 2,900 MP3 files. Similar is the micro hard rive based players which has lesser internal storage capacity. It is moreover compact and smaller in size. Their capacity is normally six gigabytes and can hold about 1,700 MP3 files. Both hard drive and micro hard drive based MP3 players run on rechargeable batteries. The flash based MP3 players do not have any moving parts and are very compact. They use minimal power and their capacity is low ranging from 32 megabytes to as much as two gigabytes. Download of music became possible through the Internet when WiFi connectivity was introduced. The first such WiFi Enabled MP3 player was Sandisk Sansa Connect MP3 player.

The unauthorized sharing of music files has been extensive and continues to this day. There are also a number of companies that sell music in MP3 format including Bleep, Xiie.net, Beatport, Juno Records, Amazon.com, eMusic and Zune Marketplace. Disputes on matters relating to patent and licensing over MP3 involve Fraunhofer Institute, Thomson Consumer Electronics, SanDisk, Texas MP3 Technologies, Sisvel S.p.A., Samsung Electronics, Apple, Alcatel-Lucent, Texas MP3 Technologies and some more.

Music lovers can have fun with music as long as they want since MP3 players have improved a lot. People used to purchase costly albums but nowadays, its no longer the case as MP3 players have been a big help.

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